張九齡（678-740） 

 

張九齡是中國歷史上第一個嶺南籍的宰相，為唐玄宗開元年間的名相。他是開創了嶺南一代詩風的著名詩人，為嶺南詩歌的發展奠下基石。 

 

因著嶺南民風偏於豪邁亢直，這個性格特點不論是在張九齡的政治作為或是創作上皆有所反映。在政治上，他一生為蒼生百姓著想，忠耿盡職，直言敢諫，不徇私枉法，不趨炎附勢，敢與惡勢力作鬥爭，爲「開元之治」作出了莫大的貢獻。在文學上，他也以自己的創作為詩壇樹立一個良好的典範，在當時綺靡詩風盛行的文壇。張九齡的五言古詩，以簡單質樸的語言，寄託深遠的人生慨望為主。 

 

《望月懷遠》張九齡 

海上生明月，天涯共此時。 

情人怨遙夜，竟夕起相思。 

滅燭憐光滿，披衣覺露滋。 

不堪盈手贈，還寢夢佳期。 

 

張九齡以其「雅正沖淡」的詩歌創作成就，開創了嶺南詩分，給當時和後來的詩人極大的影響。因此，張九齡也被譽爲「嶺南第一人」。後人黃佐（明）也曾在《邵謁傳》中曾說過「五嶺以南，當開元盛世，以詩文名者，曲江公張九齡一人而已。」由此可見張九齡對嶺南詩派的開創、形成和發展壯大，起了啟迪作用。往後的廣東詩人，如「南園五先生」之一的孫蕡；「嶺南三大家」的屈大均和陳恭尹等，都直接或間接地受到張九齡的影響，從而逐步形成了嶺南詩派的獨特風貌。 

 

Zhang Jiuling (678-740) 

 

Zhang Jiuling was a prime minister during the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and the first prime minister with the Lingnan nationality in Chinese history. Besides, Zhang was the famous poet who created the style of Lingnan poetry and laid the foundation for the development of Lingnan poetry. 

 

Because Lingnan folks tend to be bold and upright, this character is reflected in Zhang's political actions and creations. Politically, he has always thought of the commoner, loyal and conscientious, dares to speak out, does not bend the law for personal gain, does not follow the trend, dares to fight against evil forces, and has made great contributions to the Kaiyuan period. In literature, he also set a good example for the poetry world with his own creations, in the literary world where the style of extravagant poetry prevailed at that time. Zhang's five-character ancient poems are mainly based on simple and unadorned language, with far-reaching hopes for life. 

 

“Watching the moon miss relatives far away (wang yue huai yuan)” Zhang Jiuling 

A bright moon rises from the vast sea, at this time you and I are all looking at each other in the end of the world. 

I complained about insomnia because of my parting, and the long nights, and I couldn't sleep all night thinking about my loved ones. 

Put out the candles and feel the moonlight. I quietly enjoy the moonlight in the house, wandering in a coat, feeling the coldness of the night dew. 

I can't hold you in the beautiful moonlight, I just hope to meet you in dreamland. 

 

Zhang was successful by his elegant and authentic creations of poems and songs. Created the Lingnan Poetry Division, which greatly influenced the poets at that time and later. Therefore, Zhang is also known as "the first person in Lingnan".  The descendant named Huang Zuo (Ming dynasty) mentioned in the book of “Shao Ye Chuan” that: “Zhang was the most influential person in the field of poetry during the period of prosperity of Kaiyuan”. It can be seen from that, Zhang played an inspiring role in the creation, formation, and development of Lingnan Poetry. Later Cantonese poets, such as Sun Qian, one of the "Five Masters of Nanyuan", Qu Dajun and Chen Gongyin of the "Three Masters of Lingnan", were directly or indirectly influenced by Zhang, and gradually formed the unique style of Lingnan Poetry. 

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